God and his attributes

God most normally refers to the holy being worshipped by supporters of monotheistic and monolatrist religions, whom they accept as true to be the creator and ruler of the world.

Theologians have ascribed different attributes to a variety of conceptions of God. The most usual among these consist of omniscience, perfect goodness, omnipotence, omnipresence, divine simplicity, and everlasting and necessary existence. God has also been conceived as being incorporeal, a personal being, the foundation of the entire moral obligations, and the "greatest conceivable existent". These attributes were all supported to unreliable degrees by the early Christian, Jewish and Muslim theologian philosophers, including Augustine of Hippo, Al-Ghazali, and Maimonides. Many famous medieval philosophers developed arguments for the existence of God, attempting to fight with the obvious contradictions implied by many of these attributes.

Bridges in 18^th century

Rope bridges, a simple type of postponement bridge, were used by the Inca civilization in the Andes mountains of South America, just prior to European colonization in the 1500s.

During the 18th century there were many innovations in the plan of timber bridges by Hans Ulrich, Johannes Grubenmann, and others. The earliest engineering book on building bridges was written by Hubert Gautier in 1716.

With the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, truss systems of wrought iron were urbanized for larger bridges, but iron did not have the tensile strength to support large loads. With the advent of steel, which has a high tensile power, much larger bridges were built, many using the ideas of Gustave Eiffel.

History of bridges

The first bridges were spans complete of wooden logs or planks and eventually stones, using a simple support and crossbeam arrangement. Most of these early bridges were extremely poorly built and could rarely support heavy weights. It was this inadequacy which led to the growth of better bridges. The arch was first used by the Roman Empire for bridges and aqueducts, some of which still place today. These arch based bridges could place in conditions that would previously have swept any bridge away.

An example is the Alcantara Bridge, built in excess of the river Tagus. Most former bridges would have been swept away by the strong current. The Romans also used cement, which condensed the variation of strength found in natural stone. One kind of cement, called pozzolana, consisted of water, lime, sand, and volcanic rock. Brick and mortar bridges were built after the Roman era, as the technology for cement was lost then afterward rediscovered.

Cotton

Cotton is a soft fibre that grows just about the seeds of the cotton plant , a shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, with the Americas, India, and Africa. However, virtually all of the profitable cotton grown today worldwide is grown from varieties of the native American species Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense. The fibre is most over and over again spun into thread and used to make a soft, breathable textile, which is the most widely used natural-fibre cloth in clothing today. The English forename derives from the Arabic word al qutun, meaning "cotton fiber".

Cotton fibre, once it has been processed to eliminate seeds and traces of wax, protein, etc., consists of nearly pure cellulose, a natural polymer. Cotton manufacture is very efficient, in the sense that ten percent or less of the weight is lost in subsequent processing to convert the raw cotton bolls into pure fibre. The cellulose is arranged in a method that gives cotton fibres a high degree of strength, durability, and absorbency. Each fibre is made up of twenty to thirty layers of cellulose coiled in a neat series of natural springs. When the cotton boll is opened, the fibres dry into flat, twisted, ribbon-like shapes and become kinked jointly and interlocked. This interlocked form is ideal for spinning into a fine yarn.